Rotator Cuff Repair
How Is Rotator Cuff Repair Performed?
Rotator cuff repair is a surgical procedure performed to restore the function and stability of the shoulder by reattaching torn rotator cuff tendons to the bone. The surgery can be performed arthroscopically (through small keyhole incisions) or as an open procedure, depending on the size and complexity of the tear. Small anchors with sutures are inserted into the humeral head (upper arm bone) to secure the torn tendon back to its original attachment. The goal is to promote tendon healing, relieve pain, and restore strength and shoulder motion.
What Is the Recovery in the Immediate Postoperative Period?
Hospital stay: Most patients stay 1 day in hospital to recover and review pain control and physiotherapy instructions.
Sling: You will wear a sling to protect the shoulder for 6–12 weeks.
Range of motion: Passive shoulder movement is started under physiotherapist supervision. Active movement and strengthening begin progressively.
Ice: Used frequently to control pain and swelling. You should ice for 20 minutes, 3–4 times per day right after surgery. An ice/compression machine can be hired from a third party.
Sleep: You may find it more comfortable to sleep in a reclined or semi-upright position with the sling on for the first few weeks.
How Is the Wound Managed?
Bulky dressings will be removed 1–2 days after surgery.
A waterproof underlay dressing should be left on for 2 weeks.
Incisions typically heal within 2 weeks.
Showers are permitted while wounds are covered with waterproof dressings during the first 2 weeks.
Do not submerge incisions in water (baths, pools, or ocean) for 6 weeks.
A wound check with your GP, allied health provider, or our clinic is recommended at 2 weeks.
Absorbable sutures are usually used and do not require removal, though small remnants may surface naturally during healing.
How Do I Manage My Pain After a Rotator Cuff Repair Procedure?
Your anaesthetist may use a regional nerve block to help control pain immediately after surgery.
Local anaesthetic will also be injected into the shoulder during the procedure.
Use ice regularly (20 minutes, 3–4 times per day). An ice machine may be hired from a third party.
Take prescribed pain medication as directed. Opioids may be used short-term but have known side effects (nausea, constipation, dependence). Non-opioid medications such as paracetamol or anti-inflammatories are preferred when tolerated.
Keep the arm supported in the sling to protect the repaired tendons and reduce discomfort.
What Issues Should I Call the Clinic Regarding?
You should contact your surgeon or clinic immediately if you notice:
Increasing redness, swelling, or foul-smelling drainage from the wound.
Persistent or worsening pain not controlled by medication.
Fever, chills, or night sweats.
Numbness or tingling that does not resolve after the nerve block wears off.
Any acute reinjury or sudden movement causing severe pain in your operative shoulder.
Prompt review allows early management of potential complications.
When Can I Return to Normal Activities After a Rotator Cuff Repair?
Recovery time varies depending on the size of the tear and the type of repair performed. As a general guide:
Light daily activities: Immediately, using your non-operated arm.
Light shoulder strengthening: Starts after 6 weeks under physiotherapist supervision.
Return to sport or overhead activity: Typically 3–6 months after surgery, depending on recovery and nature of sport/activity.
When Can I Drive?
You can usually drive once you can safely control the steering wheel and perform emergency maneuvers comfortably. This is typically around 6–8 weeks after surgery. You must not drive while taking strong pain medication (e.g., opioids).
When Can I Return to Work?
Return to work depends on your occupation:
Office or sedentary work: 1–2 weeks, once you can commute safely and perform light desk tasks.
Light manual work: 6–8 weeks.
Heavy manual labour or overhead work: 3–4 months or longer, depending on recovery and surgeon clearance.
Should I See a Physiotherapist?
Yes. Physiotherapy is essential for optimal recovery after rotator cuff repair. Your physiotherapist will:
Guide you through a progressive rehabilitation program focused on restoring shoulder mobility, strength, and control.
Emphasize gradual return to function while protecting the tendon repair during healing.
Monitor progress and adjust exercises appropriately.
Most patients continue physiotherapy for 4–6 months, with full recovery and return to sport typically achieved by 6–9 months.
What Are the Complications After a Rotator Cuff Repair Procedure?
While complications are uncommon, they may include:
Re-tear of the tendon, especially with early overuse.
Shoulder stiffness or loss of motion.
Infection or delayed wound healing.
Persistent pain or weakness requiring additional rehabilitation.
Nerve irritation or temporary numbness.
Failure of the tendon to heal completely.
Development of shoulder arthritis over time.
Complications related to the anaesthetic block (temporary nerve effects, shortness of breath, or rarely pneumothorax).
