Meniscus Transplant
How is a Meniscus Transplant Performed?
A meniscus transplant is a specialized surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or missing meniscus with a donor (allograft) meniscus to restore cushioning, stability, and shock absorption within the knee. This procedure is generally performed in younger, active patients who have had a previous meniscectomy and are now experiencing pain or early signs of cartilage wear due to the absence of a functioning meniscus.
The surgery is performed arthroscopically through small incisions using a camera and specialized instruments. The donor meniscus is carefully matched in size and shape using MRI or X-ray measurements before surgery. The allograft is then inserted into the knee joint and secured with sutures or bone plugs into precisely prepared tunnels or slots in the tibia. This allows the new meniscus to heal and integrate into the joint over time.
Meniscus transplant surgery typically takes 2 hours and is performed under general anaesthesia, but it is often performed with other procedures. Most patients go home the next morning.
What Is the Recovery in the Immediate Postoperative Period?
Hospital stay: Most patients stay overnight in hospital.
Weight bearing: You will be non-weight bearing for 6 weeks with the assistance of crutches
Brace: You will wear an unhinged brace for 8 weeks
Range of motion: Early motion starts right away.
Ice and elevation: Used frequently to control pain and swelling. You should ice for 20 minutes, 3–4 times per day right after surgery. An ice/compression machine can be hired from a third party.
How Is the Wound Managed?
Bulky dressings will be removed 1–2 days after surgery.
A waterproof underlay dressing should be left on for 1 week.
Incisions typically heal within 2 weeks.
Showers are permitted while wounds are covered with waterproof dressings during the first 2 weeks.
Do not submerge incisions in water (baths, pools, or ocean) for 6 weeks.
A wound check with your GP, allied health provider, or our clinic is recommended at 2 weeks.
Absorbable sutures are usually used and do not require removal, though small remnants may surface naturally during healing.
How Do I Prevent Blood Clots (DVT/PE)?
Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) can occur after surgery.
You can reduce the risk by:
Moving your foot and ankle regularly while resting.
Walking early with assistance.
Avoiding long periods of sitting or immobility.
You will likely take aspirin for 4–6 weeks to prevent DVT/PE. If you have a history of blood clots or risk factors, a stronger blood thinner may be prescribed.
If you plan any long-distance travel within 6 weeks of surgery, please inform our clinic for preventative medication.
Seek immediate medical attention if you develop calf pain, swelling, chest pain, or shortness of breath.
How do I manage my pain after a Meniscus Transplant Procedure?
Your anaesthetist will discuss possible regional nerve blocks to help control pain immediately after surgery.
Local anaesthetic will be injected into the knee during surgery.
Use ice regularly (20 minutes, 3–4 times per day). An ice machine may be hired from a third party.
Take prescribed pain medication as directed. Opioids may be used short-term but have known side effects (nausea, constipation, dependence). Non-opioid medications are preferred when tolerated.
Use a compression dressing on the knee for 6–12 weeks to manage swelling.
Begin gentle range-of-motion and muscle activation exercises as soon as recommended.
Use walking aids for stability while recovering your gait.
What Issues Should I Call the Clinic Regarding?
You should contact your surgeon or clinic immediately if you notice:
Increasing redness, swelling, or drainage from the wound.
Persistent or worsening pain not controlled by medication.
Fever, chills, or night sweats.
Calf pain or swelling (possible blood clot).
Any acute injury to your operative knee.
Prompt review allows early management of potential complications.
When Can I Return to Normal Activities After a Meniscus Transplant?
Return to activities depends on the nature and intensity of the activity and the total number of procedures being performed on the knee. In general, meniscus transplants are very delicate compared to the native meniscus. Thus, repetitive high-impact activity has to be avoided to protect it.
When Can I Drive?
You can usually drive once you can safely control the vehicle and perform an emergency stop comfortably.
This is typically 6–8 weeks after right knee surgery, and 2–3 weeks for the left knee.
You must not drive while taking strong pain medication (e.g., opioids).
When Can I Return to Work?
Return to work depends on your occupation:
Office or sedentary work: 1–2 weeks (once you can commute safely).
Light manual work: 4–6 weeks.
Should I See a Physiotherapist?
Yes. Physiotherapy is essential for optimal recovery and long-term success after meniscus transplant.
Your physiotherapist will:
Guide you through a structured rehabilitation program.
Focus on restoring range of motion, strength, balance, and gait mechanics.
Progress exercises gradually from early mobility to functional activity and low-impact sport.
What Are the Complications After a Meniscus Transplant Procedure?
While meniscus transplantation is a safe and effective procedure for restoring joint function, possible complications include:
Infection
Blood clots (DVT/PE)
Knee stiffness or reduced motion
Graft non-healing or shrinkage
Persistent pain or swelling
Graft re-tear
Nerve irritation or numbness around the incision site
Degenerative cartilage changes over time
